Background: Hemophilic pseudotumor is a rare lesion that is progressive and expansile by nature. It is a hematoma or a blood cyst surrounded by a fibrous capsule.
Case report: A 7-years-old boy was referred with a painless swelling in the mandible, bleeding and problem in mastication. Due to a late diagnosis, the patient went untreated for almost a year. After detailed examination and taking medical history as well as paraclinical investigations, including panoramic X-ray, CT (computed tomography), cone-beam CT, and angiography along with laboratory tests, a hemophilic pseudotumor was diagnosed. Treatment plan was set to curettage, coagulation factor injection and regular follow-up. The prognosis was satisfactory and the patient made a full recovery within a year.
Conclusion: A hemophilic pseudotumor is very rare in the jaw and can be diagnosed as a benign or malignant tumor due to its nonspecific radiographic features. Invasive treatment may result in severe bleeding or even death. Therefore, knowledge of the lesion is a prerequisite for careful diagnosis and treatment.