en Pediatric Hematology & Oncology Pediatric Hematology & Oncology گزارش مورد Case report <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><strong>Background: </strong>ROHHAD syndrome (rapid-onset obesity, hypoventilation, hypothalamic dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation) is an extremely rare disease in children. This article describes the clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging results, and treatment of a case of ROHHAD syndrome with ganglioneuroma.<br> <strong>Case Report: </strong>An 8-year-old girl in Covid-19 pandemic was admitted to our emergency department due to dyspnea, cyanosis, and respiratory distress. She had a history of close contact with his father (a case of covid 19) prior to hospital admission. Spiral chest CT scan of the patient revealed bilateral ground-glass opacities and also a right paravertebral mass. She had a history of rapid onset morbid obesity that had started 2 years ago. Furthermore, she had sleep disturbances and hypoventilation, electrolyte imbalance, polyuria and enuresis, irritability, and impulsivity. She was diagnosed as a case of ROHHAD syndrome based on her clinical manifestations. She was also diagnosed as a case of SARS-COV-2 infection. The paravertebral mass was resected which pathology was consistent with ganglioneuroma.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Because of the high prevalence of morbidity and mortality in ROHHAD syndrome and accompanying neural crest tumors, early diagnosis of this syndrome should be kept in mind. It is essential to pay attention to the cases with rapid onset obesity associated with hypoventilation to prevent severe complications.</span></span></span></p> ROHHAD syndrome, Rapid-onset obesity, Hypoventilation, Ganglioneuroma, Covid 19 144 147 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-746-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ghamartaj Khanbabaei khanbabaeegh@yahoo.com 10031947532846009050 10031947532846009050 No Pediatric pulmonologist, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Ahmad Tabatabaei ahmadtabatabaii@gmail.com 10031947532846009051 10031947532846009051 No Pediatric pulmonologist, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nazanin Farahbakhsh nazanin26farahbakhsh@yahoo.com 10031947532846009052 10031947532846009052 No Pediatric pulmonologist, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyedeh Zalfa Modarresi dr.modarres@gmail.com 10031947532846009053 10031947532846009053 No Pediatric Pulmonology Fellowship, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Matin Poorghasem matinpourghasem@yahoo.com 10031947532846009054 10031947532846009054 Yes Pediatric Pulmonology Fellowship, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ebrahim Tabiei asndr370780@yahoo.com 10031947532846009055 10031947532846009055 No Pediatric Pulmonology Fellowship, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abdolhamid Taghizadeh hamidt1000@gmail.com 10031947532846009056 10031947532846009056 No Pediatric Pulmonology Fellowship, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Managheb mmanagheb@yahoo.com 10031947532846009057 10031947532846009057 No Anesthesiologist, Fellowship of cardiac Anesthesia, Erfan Niayesh Hospital. Tehran, Iran Hosein Behzad Moghadam mhbmoghadam@yahoo.com 10031947532846009058 10031947532846009058 No Pediatrician and Neonatologist, Neonatal and NICU ward, Erfan Niayesh hospital, Tehran, Iran Kourosh Vahidshahi kvahidshahi@gmail.com 10031947532846009059 10031947532846009059 No Associate Professor of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Modarres Teaching Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Morteza Tabatabaei Yazdi saminalavi@hotmail.com 10031947532846009060 10031947532846009060 No Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein Taheri h.taheri98@yahoo.com 10031947532846009061 10031947532846009061 No Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran