en Adults Hematology & Oncology Adults Hematology & Oncology گزارش مورد Case report Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a physiological compensatory phenomenon occurring in many hemolytic anemias including thalassemia. Besides transfusion, radiotherapy, surgery or a combination of these modalities, hydroxyurea (HU) as an optimal treatment has been described occasionally. We described a case of beta-thalassemia major who has been on regular blood transfusion and developed EMH that was treated with HU combined with radiotherapy.<br> EMH should also be considered in thalassemia major patients, although it is more common in non-transfusion dependent thalassemia patients. HU combined with low dose radiotherapy along with regular blood transfusion are suggested as good treatment options for patients with EMH. Extramedullary hematopoiesis, Beta-thalassemia major, Hydroxyurea, Radiotherapy, Blood transfusion 28 30 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-307-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mehran Karimi mkarimi820@gmail.com 10031947532846004093 10031947532846004093 Yes Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz ,Iran Tahereh Zarei zarei_t@sums.ac.ir 10031947532846004094 10031947532846004094 No Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Parisa Pishdad p_pishdad@yahoo.com 10031947532846004095 10031947532846004095 No Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran