en Pediatric Hematology & Oncology Pediatric Hematology & Oncology پژوهشي Original Article Background: As children have a higher metabolic rate and higher calorie needs for growth, they are more susceptible to nutritional depletion than adults. We aimed to assess the nutritional status of children with cancer who were referred to the outpatient clinic of hematology and oncology clinic at Sheikh Children Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.<br> Methods: The nutritional status of the children with cancer was assessed by anthropometric indices and nutritional risk screening tool. We used BMI-for-age (BMIFA), height-for-age (HFA) and weight-for-height (WFH) to define malnutrition. The anthropometric indices (BMIFA, HFA, and WFH) were categorized according to z-scores. STRONGkids tool was applied for screening risk of malnutrition.<br> Results: 61 pediatric patients with cancer were assessed. Of the studied patients, 77% were boys (47 patients) with a mean age of 8.4 years (6 months to18 years). Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was the most prevalent cancer (64%). 26.2% of the patients had malnutrition according to BMI for age z-score index (underweight), 24.5% according to weight for height (WFH) index (wasting) and 21.3% according to HFA index (stunting). The STRONGkids classified 34.4% of patients as high risk, and 65.6% as moderate risk of malnutrition. Conclusions: Malnutrition was prevalent among pediatric cancer patients in this study, so appropriate nutritional screening and management should be implemented for improving the nutritional status of children with cancer. Nutritional status, Nutrition assessment, Pediatrics, Malignancy, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia STRONGKids tool 12 17 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-471-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Leila Khajavi leila.khajavi@gmail.com 10031947532846005396 10031947532846005396 Yes Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hamid Farhangi farhangih@mums.ac.ir 10031947532846005397 10031947532846005397 No Associate Professor in Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Sara Movahhed movahheds921@mums.ac.ir 10031947532846005398 10031947532846005398 No Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Fatemeh Nejati Salehkhani nejatis931@mums.ac.ir 10031947532846005399 10031947532846005399 No Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Abdolreza Norouzy norouzya@mums.ac.ir 10031947532846005400 10031947532846005400 No Department of Nutrition, Medical school, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran