en Pediatric Hematology & Oncology Pediatric Hematology & Oncology پژوهشي Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="color:black"><span new="" roman="" times=""><strong>Background: </strong>Blood transfusion is an essential supportive treatment for children with cancer, but inappropriate or excessive use of blood components may increase risks and resource utilization. This study aimed to evaluate blood and blood component consumption and transfusion-related complications in children with cancer at MAHAK Hospital.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This retrospective study included 830 children with cancer who were admitted to MAHAK Hospital. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, blood component transfusions, transfusion thresholds, and transfusion-related reactions were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Of the 830 patients, 513 (61.8%) had solid tumors and 317 (38.2%) had non-solid malignancies. PRBC transfusion was recorded for 830 patients, platelet transfusion for 830 patients, and plasma transfusion for 495 patients. Most patients received 1&ndash;5 units of PRBCs (64.3%) or platelets (53.3%), while 40.4% received no plasma and 49.6% received 1&ndash;5 units. The most frequently recorded transfusion reaction was febrile reaction with PRBCs (12.2%). Allergic reactions were recorded in 3.9% of patients receiving platelets and 1% receiving plasma. Overall, transfusion reactions were less frequently recorded with plasma than with PRBCs or platelets.<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed pattern of blood component utilization provides a description of transfusion practice in children with cancer at a specialized pediatric hospital. These findings may help inform patient blood management and future evaluations of transfusion practice in this population.</span></span></span></span></span></div> Pediatric cancer, Anemia, Blood Transfusion, Platelet Transfusion, Thrombocytopenia 102 110 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2377-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sahar Afaridoon No Blood Transfusion Research Centre, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran. Negin Jafariyan Lahijani ng.jafariyan@gmail.com No Mahak Hematology Oncology Research Center (Mahak-HORC), Mahak Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Azim Mehrvar drazimmehrvar@yahoo.com No Parvaneh Childhood Cancer Department, Golestan Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Tashvighi drtashvighi@gmail.com No Parvaneh Childhood Cancer Department, Golestan Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Narjes Mehrvar narjes.mehrvar@gmail.com No Parvaneh Childhood Cancer Department, Golestan Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Azita Azarkeivan azazarkeivan@gmail.com Yes Blood Transfusion Research Centre, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.