en Adults Hematology & Oncology Adults Hematology & Oncology پژوهشي Original Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.5pt">Background:</span></span>&nbsp;</b><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:#0e101a">Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is described by the clonal expansion of myeloid blasts with abnormal differentiation. Considering the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in inflammation induction and the effect of chronic inflammation on cancer development, investigating the state of TLRs&rsquo; expression in human malignancies has attracted scientists&rsquo; attention.</span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.5pt">Methods:</span></span>&nbsp;</b><span new="" roman="" times="">In this study, 36 newly-diagnosed AML patients and 36 control samples were examined. The mRNA expression levels of TLR1/2/4/7/8 were measured in both groups using real-time PCR. The student&rsquo;s t-test was utilized to compare gene expression levels between the two populations and the one-way ANOVA test was used to compare data among multiple subtypes. <span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.5pt">Results: </span></span></b><span new="" roman="" times="">All TLR gene expression levels were significantly up-regulated in patients compared to the control group (p<0.05). Positive correlations between different TLRs were observed as well.&nbsp;AML patients under the age of 55 showed significantly higher TLR1/2/4 expression in comparison with healthy individuals of the same age; a similar comparison in people above 55 also showed an elevated expression of TLR1/2/4/8. Male patients overexpressed almost all genes compared to healthy subjects; the levels of TLR1/2/4 were also higher in female patients. No difference was observed comparing blast percentages and FAB subtypes.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.5pt">Conclusion:</span></span>&nbsp;</b><span new="" roman="" times="">By considering the results of this experiment, it seems that TLRs up-regulation in AML patients may contribute to the pathogenesis and development of the disease; however, more investigations are required to elucidate the exact roles of these receptors in AML.</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span><br> <br> <a href="./files/site1/files/Supplementary_Fig._1.docx">./files/site1/files/Supplementary_Fig._1.docx&nbsp;</a></span></span></span></p> Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Toll-like receptor (TLR), Gene expression, Pathogenesis, Inflammation 95 103 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-937-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Kosar Fateh k.v.fateh@gmail.com 10031947532846008899 10031947532846008899 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahareh Kashani bahareh_kashani@yahoo.com 10031947532846008900 10031947532846008900 No Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Hasanpour zahrahasanpoor56@yahoo.com 10031947532846008901 10031947532846008901 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Naser Shagerdi Esmaeli naser.shagerdi.esmaeli@gmail.com 10031947532846008902 10031947532846008902 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Vahid Amiri vahid.amiri529@gmail.com 10031947532846008903 10031947532846008903 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed H. Ghaffari غفاری shghaffari200@yahoo.com 10031947532846008904 10031947532846008904 No Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Davood Bashash david_5980@yahoo.com 10031947532846008905 10031947532846008905 Yes Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran