en Adults Hematology & Oncology Adults Hematology & Oncology مقاله مروری Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="color:black"><b>Background:</b><b> </b>Heart diseases are typically treated with cardiac surgery, which often requires preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative blood transfusion. However, blood transfusion is a risk factor for serious complications after cardiac surgery, including death. Patient Blood Management (PBM) programs were developed to mitigate the risks of blood transfusion by reducing its use in cardiac surgery. </span><br> <span style="color:black"><b>Objective:</b><b><i> </i></b>This systematic review aims to study the currently published literature on PBM strategies that effectively reduce the rates of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative blood transfusion for cardiac surgery.<b> </b></span><br> <span style="color:black"><b>Methodology:</b><b> </b>This systematic review analyzed preoperative blood management strategies in cardiac surgery, focusing on studies published between 2018 and 2024 designed to reduce blood transfusion rates.<b> </b>The study utilized a modified 2022 protocol for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, grading evidence using a 2008 system, and selected 21 studies for a systematic review.</span><br> <span style="color:black"><b>Results:</b><b> </b>The studies identified 12 PBM strategies, including iron therapy, Aminocaproic acid, Cardiopulmonary by-pass system, cell salvage, Perfusion Blood Collection, gel foam patches, Large-volume acute normovolemic hemodilution, Platelets Transfusion Therapy, Modified Ultrafiltration, TEM-based algorithms, and restrictive management of SVO2, which significantly reduced blood transfusion volumes and rates before, during, and after cardiac surgery.</span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:2;"><b>Conclusion:</b> The 12 PBM strategies identified are valuable additions to the current list, but further clinical evaluation is needed to improve their efficacy and safety in cardiac surgery.</span></span></span></div> Blood transfusion, Cardiac surgery, Patient blood management, Systematic review, Bleeding disorder. 34 50 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1128-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sultan Ghazzay Alotaibi sultanalotaibi678@outlook.com 100319475328460010914 100319475328460010914 Yes Cardiac Center, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Muneeb Ammar Alnouri muneebalnouri733@outlook.com 100319475328460010915 100319475328460010915 No Cardiac Center, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Rawaa Mahmoud Sulaiman rawaamsulaiman78@outlook.com 100319475328460010916 100319475328460010916 No Family Medicine Department, Dr. Sulaiman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Abdulkhalek Abduljaleel Abdulkhalek.A.Abduljalee@outlook.com 100319475328460010917 100319475328460010917 No King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Ahmed Foad Bogari Ahemd.Bogari7@outlook.com 100319475328460010918 100319475328460010918 No King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Hani Nabeel Mufti Mufti@outlook.com 100319475328460010919 100319475328460010919 No King Faisal Cardiac Center, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia