en میکروبیوم در سرطان Microbiome in Cancer مقاله مروری Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" times="">The importance of the gut microbiota in human health and disease has been known for a long time. Current investigations involving preclinical and clinical studies have presented numerous lines of evidence indicating that gut microbiota can influence the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The gut microbiota can alter the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by engaging with innate and adaptive immune cells. Notably, one of the primary methods by which the gut microbiota modulates antitumor immunity is through the production of metabolites, which are small molecules capable of traveling from the gut to other parts of the body and influencing local and systemic antitumor immune responses. This exploration of mechanisms has yielded valuable insights for developing microbiota-based therapeutic strategies such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, engineered microbiomes, and specific microbial metabolites. In this review, we explored several possible interventions that could enhance the efficacy of ICIs, thereby potentially restoring or augmenting patient responses to these therapeutic agents.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Gut microbiota, Immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs, Cancer 70 85 http://ijbc.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1166-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hamed Azhdari Tehrani hamed_azhdari@sbmu.ac.ir 100319475328460011316 100319475328460011316 No Department of Hematology-Medical oncology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amir-Mohammad Yousefi amirmm.yousefi@yahoo.com 100319475328460011317 100319475328460011317 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sina Salari s.salari@sbmu.ac.ir 100319475328460011318 100319475328460011318 No Department of Hematology-oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Davood Bashash david_5980@yahoo.com 100319475328460011319 100319475328460011319 Yes Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran