Investigating the Refractory Platelet Transfusion: Understanding the Underlying Factors, Diagnosis, and Effective Treatment Strategies

Razani, Elham; Maryam Khiabani Rad, Maryam; Larki Trok, Ehsan; Bahmani, Fourozan

Volume 17, Issue 1 (March-2025 2025) Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer 2025, 17(1): 71-90 | Back to browse issues page

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Razani E, Maryam Khiabani Rad M, Larki Trok E, Bahmani F. Investigating the Refractory Platelet Transfusion: Understanding the Underlying Factors, Diagnosis, and Effective Treatment Strategies. Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer 2025; 17 (1) :71-90
URL: http://ijbc.ir/article-1-1669-en.html

Investigating the Refractory Platelet Transfusion: Understanding the Underlying Factors, Diagnosis, and Effective Treatment Strategies

Elham Razani ^*¹

, Maryam Maryam Khiabani Rad²

, Ehsan Larki Trok³

, Fourozan Bahmani⁴

1- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Elham.razani.mls@gmail.com
2- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Abadan Faculty of medical sciences, Abadan, Iran 4- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: (225 Views)

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of platelet transfusion-refractory (PTR), a condition in which patients do not respond well to platelet transfusions, leading to increased bleeding and complications. It discusses various aspects of PTR such as its causes, prevention, diagnosis, management, and potential complications. While immune-mediated reactions are the primary cause, non-immunologic, patient-related, and donor-related factors can also contribute. Preventing PTR involves methods such as HLA matching, platelet count monitoring, and prophylactic transfusions; however, alternative approaches require further research. Accurate diagnosis is crucial, with treatment strategies depending on the cause often requiring platelet transfusions from HLA-matched donors or immunosuppressive therapies. Complications included bleeding, infection, and adverse drug reactions, highlighting the need for proper management and monitoring. Future research should focus on patient-specific risk factors, alternative prevention methods, and blood product safety. Understanding immune-mediated reactions and other causes, prevention, diagnosis, management, and potential complications can improve outcomes in patients needing platelet transfusions. In conclusion, PTR is a complex condition that healthcare professionals must handle carefully. Ongoing research is crucial to advancing knowledge, enhancing care, and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords: Platelet, Platelet immunology, Transfusion medicine, Platelet transfusion refractory

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: Review Article | Subject: Immunology
Received: 2025/01/2 | Accepted: 2025/03/26 | Published: 2025/03/30

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