This document is a comprehensive review that focuses on the role of melanoma-associated antigen genes (MAGE) family proteins in cancer, with a specific emphasis on their involvement in multiple myeloma (MM). The expression patterns of MAGE proteins in different tissues and their association with critical cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and gene expression regulation were discussed. The document also highlighted the potential utility of MAGE proteins in cancer immunotherapy, including their use in prognosis and the development of MAGE-based cancer vaccines. In cancer vaccine therapy antigen selection is a crucial step, so by focusing on the vast potency of MAGE, we tried to mention it as a potent antigen for therapy of MM by reviewing the current studies. However, we acknowledged the need for further research and extensive clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and potency of MAGE antigens.